Several years ago, the MIT team set out to devise a method for recording vaccination information in a way that doesnt require a centralized database or other infrastructure. 0000024814 00000 n Microneedle patches for flu vaccination prove successful in first human clinical trial, Vaccine using microneedle patch with RSV virus, immune-stimulating compound is effective against RSV, Skin immunization by microneedle patch overcomes statin-induced suppression of flu vaccine response in mice, Clinical study tests microneedle skin patches as alternative to flu shot, Tumor cells' response to chemotherapy is driven by randomness, shows study, Variant-specific vaccines offer better protection against COVID, shows study, New COVID-19 booster vaccine offers high level of protection in mice, A two-pronged approach to target critical malaria protein, Specialized garbage disposal cell, implicated in autoimmune disease, tracked for the first time, How gut microbes help mend damaged muscles, Study investigates the source of back and joint pain with the goal of reverse engineering treatments, Machine learning model focuses on news articles to predict food crisis outbreaks, Detecting anemia earlier in children using a smartphone, Putting out 'the fire in the brain': A potential treatment for autoimmune encephalitis, Researcher uncovers link between ultra-processed foods and Crohn's disease, Large-scale study of nine genes in 4,580 patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia, Adding antipsychotic med to antidepressant may help older adults with treatment-resistant depression, New insights into eye damage in Alzheimer's disease patients, 'COVID rebound' is common, even in untreated patients, reports study, Chemotherapy-resistant ovarian cancer cells protect their neighbors, shows study, Study uncovers age-related brain differences in autistic individuals, Largest-ever genetic study of prostate cancer in men of African descent finds new risk factors for the disease. 10.1126/scitranslmed.aay7162 ). This light can come from a bioluminescent protein that produces light via a chemical reaction. Luciferase. This study confirmed that incorporating the vaccine with the dye in the microneedle patches did not affect the efficacy of the vaccine or our ability to detect the dye, added Ana Jaklenec, a research scientist at MITs Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research. Thats especially true given the fraught history of vaccination in countries at all socioeconomic strata, including the United States. Epub 2019 Jul 11. During in vivo imaging, this results in low excitation efficiency and high background. But the teams experiments in rats suggest that these medical marks are both safe and long-lasting, and can be administered alongside vaccines without compromising efficacy. But when that history gets translated into written medical records, things can quickly get dicey. McHugh et al., Science Translational Medicine (2019). Lai PY, Huang CC, Chou TH, Ou KL, Chang JY. 0000033439 00000 n PubMedGoogle Scholar, Evanko, D. Bioluminescent quantum dots. The formulation showing the greatest resistance to photobleaching after simulated sunlight exposure (5-year equivalence) through pigmented human skin was encapsulated in microparticles for use in vivo. Bringing in the voices and opinions of the people who stand to benefit the most from the product is something that should start early, and continue. The dots are only about 4 nm in diameter, but they are encapsulated in biocompatible microparticles that form spheres about 20 microns in diameter. 0000014465 00000 n 0000136426 00000 n Some of this energy excites the quantum dot, resulting in the release of red light. But you also want to mindful of the potential impact that science might have. 0000009624 00000 n Advertising Notice Solving medicines record-keeping riddle, they argue, might just involve injecting patterns of invisible nanoparticles under the skin. The maximum bioluminescence intensity of Rluc (2 M) is observed at 480 nm, which increases with increasing the amount of . One factor that makes vaccination campaigns in those nations more difficult is that there is little infrastructure for storing medical records, so theres often no easy way to determine who needs a particular vaccine. 0000010079 00000 n The name was first used by Raphal Dubois who invented the words luciferin and luciferase, for the substrate and enzyme, respectively. By delivering both agents in the same microneedle patch, there is the potential to realize production cost advantages and eliminate the possibility of misuse (such as applying the encoding patch without the vaccine) Ultimately, we believe that this invisible, on-body technology opens up new avenues for decentralized data storage and biosensing applications that could influence the way medical care is provided, especially in the developing world., This is wonderful, helpful, awesome, medical technology but we all know very well intended technology like this can eventually be used for more control over humans Lim M , Lee W , Bang G , Lee WJ , Park Y , Kwon Y , Jung Y , Kim S , Bang J . A single-injection vaccine for the polio virus, One vaccine injection could carry many doses, Engineers design programmable RNA vaccines, More about MIT News at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab (J-PAL), Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, School of Humanities, Arts, and Social Sciences, View all news coverage of MIT in the media, Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives license, Paper: "Biocompatible near-infrared quantum dots delivered to the skin by microneedle patches record vaccination", On social media platforms, more sharing means less caring about accuracy, QuARC 2023 explores the leading edge in quantum information and science, MIT Press announces inaugural recipients of the Grant Program for Diverse Voices, Aviva Intveld named 2023 Gates Cambridge Scholar, Remembering Professor Emeritus Edgar Schein, an influential leader in management. 0000142875 00000 n Gambhir says that these probes will allow multiplexing so that multiple events can be monitored in the same living subject. 0 Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative, Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry (2009), Nature Methods (Nat Methods) The assay also found that serum from adolescents had antibodies against G proteins from both subtypes, suggesting that adolescents had been exposed to both RSV-A and RSV-B by that time in their lives. Tests using the platform showed that QDs delivered to samples of human skin were still detectable after photobleaching that simulated five years of exposure sunlight, and they remained detectable for up to nine months when tested in rats. To create an "on-patient," decentralized medical record, the researchers developed a new type of copper-based quantum dots, which emit light in the near-infrared spectrum. In some areas in the developing world, it can be very challenging to do this, as there is a lack of data about who has been vaccinated and whether they need additional shots or not., But these problems arent unique to the developing world. 2019 Dec;34(8):782-789. doi: 10.1002/bio.3679. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely. The goal is widespread adoption.. In addition to the stand-alone value of an intradermal information encoding and detection platform, this system may offer greater advantages when co-delivered with vaccines, they stated. Thank you for visiting nature.com. Unfortunately they are not particularly suited to whole-animal in vivo imaging, an application that is becoming increasingly popular. Its possible someday that this invisible approach could create new possibilities for data storage, biosensing, and vaccine applications that could improve how medical care is provided, particularly in the developing world, Langer says. This approach is likely to be one of many trying to solve the problem of storing individuals medical information, says Ruchit Nagar, a fourth-year student at Harvard Medical School, who also was not involved in the new study. This ties the vaccine to the record itself, and ties the record to the person, McHugh says. If the teams research progresses, future efforts will focus on delivering the technology to children in low- and middle-income countries, where many still rely on paper cards or certificates to track their vaccination history. Bioluminescent quantum dots Bioluminescence is widely used for in vivo imaging of nude mice. Their approach uses the Cowpea mosaic virus that infects legumes, engineering it to look like SARS-CoV-2, and weaving antigen peptides onto its surface, which will stimulate an immune response.. 0000148569 00000 n Other authors of the paper include Sean Severt, Mache Cruz, Morteza Sarmadi, Hapuarachchige Surangi Jayawardena, Collin Perkinson, Fridrik Larusson, Sviatlana Rose, Stephanie Tomasic, Tyler Graf, Stephany Tzeng, James Sugarman, Daniel Vlasic, Matthew Peters, Nels Peterson, Lowell Wood, Wen Tang, Jihyeon Yeom, Joe Collins, Philip Welkhoff, Ari Karchin, Megan Tse, Mingyuan Gao, and Moungi Bawendi. 0000027331 00000 n Accessibility <]/Prev 307770>> Furthermore, Rao and colleagues were able to exploit the fact that quantum dots with distinct emission spectra all have similar absorption profiles allowing all of them to function as luciferase energy acceptors. 0000000016 00000 n 7.. With this aim, researchers at Massachusetts Institute of Technology have developed a microneedle patch containing a nanocrystal dye that creates near-infrared-emitting dots under the skin. They tagged each G protein with luciferase, an enzyme that interacts with a protein called luciferin to release light. Potential patients could reject the procedure out of fear or mistrust, worrying, for instance, that authorities are using the patches to encrypt information onto individuals. Backed by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, interviews in Malawi, Bangladesh, Benin and Kenya will begin early next year. Science Translational Medicine (2019)]By selectively loading microparticles into microneedles, the patches deliver a pattern in the skin that is invisible to the naked eye but can be scanned with a smartphone that has the infrared filter removed. Now a group of Massachusetts Institute of Technology researchers has developed a novel way to address this problem: embedding the record directly into the skin. Endo Inks Collaborations in Pain and Cancer, Orexo to Take Over PharmaKodex to Enhance Reformulation Business. The researchers plan to work with health care workers in developing nations in Africa to get input on the best way to implement this type of vaccination record keeping. It can never be lost, it can never be counterfeited., From there, reading the dots becomes a lot like scanning a QR code. It needs an enzyme called Luciferase in order to make it work. The dots are about 4 nm in diameter, and are encapsulated in biocompatible microparticles that form spheres about 20min diameter. Every year, a lack of vaccination leads to about 1.5 million preventable deaths, primarily in developing nations. Google Scholar, You can also search for this author in Present affiliation: BioHealth Innovations Inc., Rockville, MD 20850, USA. Your feedback is important to us. Tests using human cadaver skin showed that the quantum-dot patterns could be detected by smartphone cameras after up to five years of simulated sun exposure. The technology embeds immunization records into a childs skin. Science Translational Medicine, Provided by 0000105025 00000 n eCollection 2021 Nov 9. McHugh and former visiting scientist Lihong Jing are the lead authors of the study, which appears today in Science Translational Medicine. Medical Xpress is a web-based medical and health news service that is part of the renowned Science X network. Explore our digital archive back to 1845, including articles by more than 150 Nobel Prize winners. 8600 Rockville Pike They are also working on expanding the amount of data that can be encoded in a single pattern, allowing them to include information such as the date of vaccine administration and the lot number of the vaccine batch. 6.. Longitudinal imaging of NIR markings. The formulation showing the greatest resistance to photobleaching after simulated sunlight exposure (5-year equivalence) through pigmented human skin was encapsulated in microparticles for use in vivo. Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! Use this form if you have come across a typo, inaccuracy or would like to send an edit request for the content on this page. The luciferase-tagged G proteins (RSV-GA and RSV-GB) acted as bait to antibodies against the G proteins in samples of human serum (the clear fluid of blood without red or white cells), causing them to bind to the tagged proteins. 0000003562 00000 n By conjugating luciferase protein to quantum dots, bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) turns these useful fluorophores into a new class of bioluminescent probe. MIT researchers have now developed a novel way to record a patients vaccination history: storing the data in a pattern of dye, invisible to the naked eye, that is delivered under the skin at the same time as the vaccine. When injected into mice, these bioluminescent quantum dot conjugates produced good signals with no background after injection of the luciferase substrate coelenterazine into the bloodstream. 0000145250 00000 n Tattooed into its skin are the scars of old wounds; archived in the molecules of the immune system are the traces of past infections. Website. After all, theres no point in advancing a technology that no ones going to use. Karen Weintraub is a staff writer at USA Today, where she covers COVID, vaccine development and other health issues. 1.. Then they added luciferin and measured the amount of light released when it interacted with luciferase, which enabled them to calculate how strong the antibody response was to the G proteins. Delivered by a microneedle patcha four-by-four grid of tiny, 1.5-millimeter-long spikes that hurt less than typical injectionstheyre made up of nanoparticles that are undetectable in visible light, glowing only when viewed in infrared. Shaheed R, Acharya S, Shukla S, Kesarwani M, Acharya N. J Family Med Prim Care. Continue reading with a Scientific American subscription. 2023 Jan 5;4(1):1. doi: 10.1186/s43556-022-00102-2. Researchers at the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) have developed a simple, rapid, and sensitive test that identifies individuals who have made antibodies against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), the most common cause of serious lower respiratory tract infection in infants and young children worldwide. The researchers encapsulated their quantum dots in microspheres made of PMMA, a material that improves biocompatibility. The microneedles used in the reported study are made from a mixture of dissolvable sugar and a polymer called PVA, as well as the quantum-dot dye and, if appropriate, the vaccine. Science X Daily and the Weekly Email Newsletter are free features that allow you to receive your favorite sci-tech news updates in your email inbox, Medical Xpress 2011 - 2023 powered by Science X Network. 0000148437 00000 n %%EOF 0000018201 00000 n The information you enter will appear in your e-mail message and is not retained by Tech Xplore in any form. The patch can be customized to imprint different patterns that correspond to the type of vaccine delivered. The quantum dots after being administered to the skin of rodents. Ana Jaklenec, a research scientist at MIT's Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, and Robert Langer, the David H. Koch Institute Professor at MIT, are the senior authors of the paper. xref Credit: Tom Buehler - MIT, Imaging before and after the microneedle application of the on patient medical record on pig skin. Along with them, the team eventually wants to inject sensors that could also potentially be used to track aspects of health such as insulin levels in diabetics, Jaklenec says. 0000018594 00000 n Credit: K.J. This encapsulation allows the dye to remain in place, under the skin, after being injected. Epub 2022 Sep 28. Yichi Su, Joel R. Walker, Michael Z. Lin, Shota Tamaki, Nobuo Kitada, Shojiro Maki, Nature Methods
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